Which item is NOT included in a combined cash budget?

The net profit after taxes is not included in a combined cash budget because a cash budget focuses specifically on the inflows and outflows of cash over a given period. It aims to project cash availability, helping a company manage liquidity and ensure it can meet its short-term obligations.

The budget includes elements such as projected cash collections (incoming cash from sales) and cash payments (expenses, purchases, etc.), as well as planned borrowings and repayments, which are crucial for understanding cash flow dynamics. However, net profit after taxes reflects overall profitability and is determined by accrual accounting, considering revenues and expenses regardless of actual cash movement. Therefore, it does not provide direct insight into cash flow management, making it an inappropriate component of the cash budget.